The Economic Impact of Down Syndrome on Families and Society in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This study, which delves into the economic, social, and psychological impacts of caring for individuals with Down syndrome on families in Saudi Arabia, has unearthed some significant findings. Data from a sample of 162 families, who completed a questionnaire, and qualitative data from 8 mothers, who participated in focus groups, were analyzed. The study's main focus was on the direct and indirect costs affecting household income, the influence of government support, and the quality of services provided to enhance family quality of life. Survey results indicated that families, despite the significant medical, educational, and rehabilitative care costs, have shown remarkable resilience. 42.0% of families incurred additional expenses between 3,001-5,000 SAR per month and 15.4% facing expenses between 5,001-7,000 SAR monthly. The data also revealed that 53.1% of families experienced a substantial income reduction due to care costs, with 32% of mothers and 22% of fathers reducing their work hours to provide necessary care. Furthermore, 77.2% of families reported receiving government financial support, though 33.6% considered this "wholly insufficient," and 38.4% indicated it covered only a "small portion" of expenses. Additionally, 85.2% of families relied on free healthcare services, 58.6% on free special education