Dimensions of Attachment and their Relationship to both Emotional and Social Efficacy Among High School Students in the State of Kuwait

Abstract

The current study aimed to identify the attachment patterns among adolescents in Kuwait and how extent such patterns contribute to predicting both social and emotional efficacy and differences according to gender and adolescent’s residence. The current study used the relational descriptive method. It was applied to a sample of (1791) high school students, including (841) males and (950) females. Their age ranges between (14 – 18) years old, with a mean of (15.57) and a standard deviation of (1.13). The scale of attachment patterns for Samya Saber (2014) and the measures of social and emotional efficacy of Elwan scale (2011) for self-efficacy were applied to them. The results showed that the secure attachment was the highest among adolescents, followed by anxious attachment, then avoidant attachment and dismissive attachment. It turned out that there are significant differences in secure attachment towards males, and there are significant differences in insecure attachment: anxious, avoidant and dismissive towards females. There are significant differences in emotional and social efficacy towards males. It also turned out that there are no differences in attachment patterns and in emotional and social efficacy according to the adolescent’s residence with his parents or one of them or one of the